Next-generation ceramic catalyst increases efficiency in converting ethanol to hydrogen.

In a scenario of increasing pressure for low-carbon energy solutions, hydrogen production from ethanol—abundant in the Brazilian energy matrix—is gaining new scientific momentum. Research conducted at the Institute for Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN), with support from the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), has demonstrated that precise control of the processing of a perovskite-type ceramic catalyst can maximize the conversion of ethanol into hydrogen, increase operational stability, and reduce costs by dispensing with noble metals traditionally used in this type of reaction.

Metallic exsolution and thermal control redefine catalytic performance

The advance lies in the incorporation of nickel into the crystalline structure of the perovskite during synthesis, instead of its simple surface impregnation. Under controlled conditions, the phenomenon of exsolution occurs: metallic nanoparticles emerge from the structure and remain strongly anchored to the material, reducing sintering and coke formation—one of the main factors of catalytic degradation.

The study showed that the calcination temperature of the precursor oxide is crucial for the final performance: samples treated at 650 °C showed 100% ethanol conversion and high stability for up to 85 hours, while higher temperatures reduced surface area and efficiency. The research, published in the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, reinforces the strategic potential of the ethanol-hydrogen route in Brazil, combining renewable raw materials, consolidated infrastructure, and lower-cost catalytic solutions, consolidating exsolved perovskites as a promising platform for the energy transition.

View the file HERE